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The Magic of Combined Anaerobic Digestion with Composting of Municipal Solid Waste
The portion of the municipal solid waste (MSW) in developed economies, which is organic in nature, and derived from household, industry, gardens, public parks and the treatment of waste wood, has been commonly determined to comprise between 40% and 60% of the total by weight. The proportion is also expected to rise over the next few years, as increased recycling rates are achieved for man made re-useable materials. Therefore, as countries put in place sophisticated waste processing techniques to reduce the amount of waste generated, and then still wish to reduce the use of landfill still further, the degree of mass reduction, the manner in which this organic fraction is processed and the amount of readily useable and non-renewable energy (replacement fuel) produced by these processes is becoming of greater importance.Read more…What Causes the Seasons?
The seasons are caused by a change in the length of daylight hours. As the seasons progress, the days get shorter or longer and noon sun changes its altitude in the sky. In summer the sun is high above the horizon as it makes its way across the sky.Read more…The Kyoto Accord and What It Means
After ten days of marathon meetings and late-night negotiations, agreement was reached and they finally put pen to paper. In the end, after 160 nations had wrangled, fought and played tug-of-war, they passed an important milestone by acknowledging a global threat and coming up with a global solution to protect the earth's environment.This was different from Montreal when in 1987 representatives from all over the world had come together to ban CFCs.Read more…Global Wind Patterns
Although winds can change on a daily basis, there are some consistencies in world wind patterns. Working from the equator to the poles, there are three bands of wind direction in each hemisphere. From the equator to about 30 degrees latitude (about a third of the way to the poles), the winds come from the east and are called the trade winds.Read more…How Volcanoes Affect Our Climate
Big, explosive eruptions can send huge quantities of gas and fine debris into the atmosphere. The bigger ones have sent debris high into the stratosphere where it spreads around the globe and might remain for months or even years. The debris has the ability to filter out a portion of the sun's energy and to lower the earth's temperature.Read more…A Good Reason To Use Plastic
Since gradeschool, we have been drilled that using plastic is bad for our health and the environment. Every major environmental group has condemned the use of plastics, plastic bags, plastic containers, plastic bottles, and other plastic materials at least once. Despite their warnings, plastics are still used and manufactured up to this day.Read more…Give That Trilobite a Name
I have a trilobite, and now scientists tell me they know how it died. I remember finding my trilo, as I hunkered down one day between two enormous hunks of granite. Adult sense tells me rain had worked into a crack on an even larger boulder.Read more…New York City Blizzard of 2006
The Blizzard of 2006 was a two-day storm that buried New York City and much of the northeast under up to two feet or more of snow. Although technically not a blizzard (with sustained winds of between 20-30 miles an hour in most areas) except in parts of Long Island and elsewhere, this snowstorm buried New York City under a record 26.9” of snow, breaking the previous mark that had been set during the December 26-27, 1947 blizzard that had dumped 26.Read more…Abatement Bacteria and Control with NanoTech for Lunar Base Station
Have you ever consider what would happen if you are on a colony on the moon and all a sudden runaway bacteria or virus becomes so pervasive that you cannot stop it and it threatens the lives of the crewmembers? It is for this reason that we need abatement procedures and protocols to stop the bacteria from overtaking a Lunar or Martian colony.But how can we control bacteria in an enclosed capsule or environment without setting off a chain of events?Read more…Abatement; Comprehensive and Non-Linear Strategies Needed
When considering abatement strategies to remove bio-toxins, bio contaminants, insects, noxious weeds or pollution it is necessary to have a very comprehensive and non-linear set of protocols and procedures to prevent the further harming of the local ecosystem and environment.If we fail to look at the bigger picture we get into trouble and invariably end up verbally character assassinating some chemical corporation who made the abatement product or chemical when in actuality the chemical solves the problem but when it is mixed wrong or used wrong or concentrated too much and sprayed too close to streams, water supplies or in high winds the issues arise.Additionally we need to stop blaming chemical companies and start considering which chemicals to use in what amounts to solve the problem over time rather than nuking the area so to speak with insane protocols and mixed matched procedures which some might even consider foolish.Read more…Mercury- Messenger of the Gods (Planetary Series)
In our tour of the solar system, we should begin by exploring the innermost planet. A short distance from the inferno of our sun we find it, hurtling through space at 40 to 60 kilometers per second in its 88 day cycle around the sun. As we approach it we notice its similarity to a body much closer to Earth, our own moon.Read more…The Moon is Getting Away; We Need to Reel It Back in
Some scientists have noticed that the moon is slowly moving away from us? Perhaps it does this in cycles we have not been measuring it enough to know? Nevertheless if it gets too far away this could be very bad for our planet and means that the tides and weather would change?Read more…Where Are All The Half-Evolved Dinosaurs?
Millions of people are taught that the fossil record furnishes proof of evolution. But, where are there fossils of half-evolved dinosaurs or other creatures?The fossil record contains fossils of only complete and fully-formed species.Read more…Stargazing With Someone Else's Telescope!
SLOOH is a robotic observatory on the Canary Islands. Every Monday, whenever conditions permit viewing, you can participate in mulitple SLOOH "missions" over the course of an hour-long session.What does SLOOH stand for?Read more…Formation of Volcano
Crack in the Earth crust through which hot Magma (molten rock) and gases well up. The magma is termed lava when it reaches the surface. A volcanic mountain, usually cone shaped with a crater on top, is formed around the opening, or vent, by the build-up of solidified lava and ashes (rock fragments).Read more…Our Food...Only An Image Of The Past!
At the turn of the 20TH century and in the throws of our industrial revolution, frontier families began losing much of their precious time...much family time. This was primarily due to the increased need for the wife to earn some of the household expenses in order to purchase the new luxuries of this industry growth.Read more…Does the Moon Help Trees Grow?
Trees are such remarkable organic marvels one has to be in awe. They turn CO2 into Oxygen and water moves all the way up inside their tree trunks, but how. Does the full moon help trees grow and move the water up their trunks?Read more…Mars - Planets Taste Better With Chocolate
Mars was first noticed by the Babylonians, around 400 BC, but they called it Nergal. The Egyptians saw the planet, but weren't impressed and they named it Har Decher, which means The Red One. The Romans called the planet Mars, naming it after the god of war.Read more…Are Whales and Dolphins Marine Mammals or Fishes?
As a teacher myself who used to teach Science to junior school students for years, I have seen a lot of confusion about whales and dolphins and even some frustration concerning their classification.What is the fuss all about? The frustration is basically coming into play when confused people talk about both dolphins and whales as being fishes so when they are being corrected about it, they tend to hate it.Read more…Red Leafed Plants: Evolution in Progress?
Each spring when the colorful mosaic of flowers comes to a close, red-leafed plants stand out in the sea of green. While green- and red-leafed trees, bushes, and flora consist of chloroplasts to undertake photosynthesis, the latter utilize anthocyanins to provide added benefits and to differentiate themselves. The question is, with the continued ozone depletion that allows harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays to penetrate the atmosphere at greater levels and intensity and subtle changes in sunlight ranging from brightness to the way it is refracted due to the continued buildup of emissions and pollutants, is the existence of red-leafed plants evidence of evolution in progress?Read more…
Most Recent Articles in Science category
- Hydrogen As a Fuel Source - By: Levi Quinn
From water to air, there are a number of ways to energize your car. Alternatives to petroleum are a hot topic today. The growing concern for the environment is steadily increasing. It's an important issue that many people want to feel personally connected to. Hydrogen as a fuel source is not an entirely new idea. But science is taking a closer look at the impact that using hydrogen could have on both the environment and the economy. The best solutions are the ones that have more benefits than drawbacks. - MRI and Ultrasound: Two Vital Branches of Radiology - By: R Govindan
Radiology was initially the branch of medical imaging that made use of x-rays on large flat sheets of photographic films for diagnosis. Modern day radiology is no longer confined to the practice of x-rays and now encompasses other methods of diagnostic imaging such as Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ultrasound. - Processes Involved In Blavatsky's Writings and its effects - By: Edi Bilimoria
Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (HPB) demonstrated the Siddhis (psychic-spiritual faculties) of clairvoyance, clairaudience, and the powers of projection, precipitation and being en rapport. These were all used in her writings on Occult science and Meta Physics which may be categorized into seven kinds of processes. We outline them below but it is emphasized that none of the above processes are miracles or supernatural - Biotech Development - By: Marcia Henin
The development of Biotechnology and the affect it has in detecting Toxicity levels in the Human body. - Nanotechnology - Revolution in the Field of Medicine - By: Marcia Henin
How science has learned to use Nanotechnology for bettering the process of Drug development. - Nanotechnology - Development in Water-Based Technology - By: Marcia Henin
What is Nanotechnology and how does it applies in the science world - In this article, we will review some of the uses of Nanotechnology and its connection to the solubilization process. - The Z-Boson Mass and its Formula as Multiple Proofs in One Bowl of Yummy Pudding - By: Sean Sheeter
A demonstration of the mathematical, theoretical and, especially, empirical connotations of the phrase "Pudding Proof" in the context of a highly exacting physical model. In particular, a formula is given deriving the mass of the Z-boson from two heavy quarks and and Higgs field. Remarkably, the precise correlation with the known value of the Z-mass is thus empirically proof positive of these far less directly measurable masses, which is further supported by arithmetic and theoretic construct. - The Theory, Significance and Precise Calculation of Gluino Mass - By: Sean Sheeter
A preview of the most significant predictable particle cascades at Cern's LH-Collider in the coming years. Describes how a precise gluino mass of 6.388355 TeV relates to the super-symmetric Higgs mechanism and decays to squarks and other 'sparticles as a prerequisite to creation of 'dark mass,' as well as the unsolved puzzle of material baryon creation. Which also goes on to shows why giving three dimensionless calculations for the gluino mass are central to the e-course "241-Mumbers." - Derivation of the Pure Precise Fine-Structure Number and as a Ratio of Two Inexact Metric Constants - By: Sean Sheeter
A history of a definitive answer to #1 'millennium question' of Strings 2000 in regard to whether all fundamental parameters can be determined in a dimensionless manner. Focus's on a 'pure' calculation of the fine-structure constant from a unified 'monolithic' system that allows precise equations for the full spectrum of fundamental particle masses from Higgs/SUSY to quarks, neutrinos and dark matter. With an update on controversies of determining the fine-structure from metric measures and a few other related issues. - Proof of the Exact Up and Down Quark Masses from the Pion Mass-Differential - By: Sean Sheeter
A discussion of the equivalence of the mass differential between the charged and neutral pion as a function the mass difference between the down and up quark. Given the unprecedented mass value of the down quark = 7.763258 MeV, the up quark mass is calculable from the even more exacting d-u mass differential = 4.593453 MeV, where the experimental pion mass difference = 4.5936 plusmn.0005 MeV.